ESP32 Development Platforms: A Comprehensive Analysis and Comparison

Decided to use Espressif chips or microcontrollers for your IoT project? You’re in the right place. We’re about to show you our ESP32 boards comparison, helping you choose the perfect fit for your needs.

Wi-Fi modules from Espressif were among the first we used for embedded development and were the initial choice for our PoC and commercial projects. Today, we work with all versions of their modules and chips, revealing their exceptional potential.

Kostiantyn Oliynyk

Head of IoT at Webbylab

The WebbyLab team has extensive experience with ESP32 microcontrollers, and we’re excited to share our insights. Here’s a sneak peek into our work:

• Our MyBox project, which connects charging stations, current sensors, and energy distribution controllers, is built on ESP32 WROVER and S3 microcontrollers.
• Our smart automated A/C drain line cleaner, which uses the ESP32-S2 to run autonomously on batteries for up to three years maintaining IoT connectivity.
• Our heat pump enhancement project, which integrates with the 2Smart Cloud platform for remote monitoring and control, is built on ESP32 WROOM.
• Our Propuskator line of access controllers is built on ESP32 WROOM and offers a DIY version using popular ESP32 WROOM dev boards.
• Our 2Smart Lamp, a DIY kit, is designed for easy assembly and customization, leveraging ESP32 WROOM dev boards.
• Our 2Smart Cloud and 2Smart Standalone platforms use Espressif microcontrollers and offer SDK and low-code tools for developers to simplify device connectivity.

Keep reading to learn the difference between the Espressif solutions in our post and the ESP32 comparison table.

WebbyLab’s platform for connecting smart devices based on ESP32

ESP32 Features and Specifications

The ESP32 is a range of chip microcontrollers developed by Espressif Systems. The main features of ESP32 include wireless connectivity, high-speed processing, low power consumption, extensive memory, and built-in security. Let’s begin our ESP32 module comparison by looking at the core specifications:

You can choose from several ESP32 microcontroller models, each of which slightly differs in specs:

• ESP32-D0WD-V3
• ESP32-D0WDR2-V3
• ESP32-U4WDH
• ESP32-D0WDQ6

The ESP32 is a highly capable microcontroller and an excellent choice for many Internet of Things applications. Read on to learn how to use it in IoT projects.

ESP32 Functions

Let’s now discuss some common functions of the ESP32 IoT platform.

• Networking. With its built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth features, the ESP32 is well-suited for networking tasks in IoT. It can connect to other devices and networks and exchange real-time data.
• Data processing. The ESP32’s dual-core processor and ample memory make it a decent choice for data processing in IoT applications. It can quickly process data from sensors and other sources and perform complex calculations owing to its non-OS SDK.
• Web server. Applications of ESP32 extend to using it as a web server for accessing and hosting web pages, serving dynamic content to users, and sending data to the server or other devices.
• P2P connectivity. The ESP32 supports peer-to-peer communication, allowing it to communicate directly with other devices without needing a central server.

Alexey Krol

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ESP32 Applications

You can find ESP32 in various industries and sectors that leverage the Internet of Things. Let’s compare ESP32 boards by their IoT use cases:

• Smart industrial devices. The ESP32 is well-suited for programmable logic controllers (PLCs), industrial automation systems, and monitoring and control systems.
• Smart medical devices. Some applications of ESP32 include health monitoring systems, telemedicine devices, and medical wearables. 
• Smart energy devices. The ESP32 works well for HVAC systems and thermostats.
• Smart security devices. Surveillance cameras, access control, and intrusion detection systems can leverage the ESP32.
• Smart home devices. The ESP32 is perfect for lighting systems and home appliances like refrigerators, ovens, and washing machines.
• Robotic devices. The ESP32 suits robotics applications like autonomous vehicles, drones, and robotic arms.

ESP32 Chips vs. Modules vs. Development Boards

The comparison of ESP32 chips, modules, and development boards

While the ESP32 commonly refers to a microcontroller chip, developers and device manufacturers can use three formats when working with it: chip, module, and development board. Here’s a brief ESP32 model comparison:

• ESP32 chips. An ESP32 chip is a small, integrated circuit that contains the microcontroller, wireless connectivity, and other components necessary for the device’s operation. It goes unshielded, meaning the developers have to solder it to the module. If you need a more detailed ESP32 chip comparison, chips work well for custom designs where space is limited — smartwatches, for example.
• ESP32 modules. An ESP32 module is a pre-manufactured, self-contained unit comprising the shielded ESP32 chip, along with other components like a voltage regulator, crystal oscillator, and antenna. It can be easily mounted in the MCU and is a straightforward method of adding wireless connectivity to IoT devices. Notably, ESP32 modules are FCC-approved, so manufacturers don’t need to worry about Wi-Fi shielding compliance.
• ESP32 development boards. An ESP32 development board is a complete hardware platform containing the ESP32 chip and other elements like USB interfaces, voltage regulators, antennas, and onboard sensors. It’s a perfect way to build your IoT device and test it quickly. When choosing the best ESP32 development board, consider key specs like GPIO and ADC pins, Wi-Fi antennas, LEDs, shielding, and flash memory.

Let’s recap the differences between ESP32 chips, modules, and development boards:

How to Select an ESP32 Development Board?

An ESP32 development board’s components explained

When choosing the best ESP32 development board for your IoT project, you should consider several aspects to ensure the board meets your requirements. Here are some critical factors:

• Power supply. The ESP32 development module may require an external power supply, so consider how to connect the batteries. Choosing a module with battery connectors, such as those for LiPo batteries, is a good idea. For example, in our case of an automated A/C cleaner, we used the correct power consumption mode and an ultra-low-power co-processor to achieve about 95% power efficiency, activating the device’s full capabilities only when necessary.
• Interfaces. Evaluate the interfaces available on the module, like USB, UART, I2C, and SPI. You may need specific ones for your project, so ensure the ESP32 module has them.
• Pin configuration. The number and layout of the pins on the ESP32 development module can vary, so you’ll need to ensure that the pin configuration is compatible with your project. Choosing the module that has access to the pinout is also preferable. During the discovery phase of our A/C cleaner project, we spent significant time selecting the right model due to the need for various device wake-up triggers and nearly hit the limits of pin configurations. That’s why it’s important to thoroughly evaluate functionality when choosing a module to avoid future limitations.
• Form factor. The module’s size and shape are critical for your project. Ensure you don’t choose the ones that are too large or too small for your ESP32 device.
• Additional features. Some ESP32 development modules may have other features, such as onboard sensors, external flash memory, or built-in OLED displays. Consider if these are necessary for your project.
• Cost. Development modules differ in price, so think carefully through your budget and the features you need to ensure you get the best value.

To help you select a suitable solution, here’s an ESP32 development board comparison:

ESP32 vs. Other Microcontrollers

Let’s continue our ESP32 types comparison by looking at other microcontrollers like Adafruit and AI-Thinker. Here’s a table with the most popular options:

Kostiantyn Oliynyk

Head of IoT at Webbylab

Helped dozens of startups create effective IOT products.

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WebbyLab Experience in ESP32 Development Platforms

WebbyLab, a professional IoT development services provider, has years of experience using Espressif products, namely various ESP32 types.

Starting with ESP Chips

About five years ago, ESP products were gaining popularity and commonly used in many ready-made devices. Therefore, our team was confident in their viability for the Internet of Things projects. Our first IoT applications were related to the ESP8266 and ESP8285 versions. They weren’t powerful enough but allowed the implementation of various IoT challenges and solutions.

At first, we had to compare ESP32 boards and develop several versions of firmware based on Espruino and Arduino IDE (you can explore the difference between Arduino and Raspberry Pi) for connecting devices like Wi-Fi relays and temperature, humidity, air quality, and motion sensors to our 2Smart Standalone automation system.

Besides that, we chose devices based on ESP8285 from the Chinese company Sonoff. The product line of these devices consists of Wi-Fi relays and smart sockets, which have attracted significant attention in the community due to the ability to install custom firmware. Our experts conducted the first experiments on them and used them for automation by implementing custom firmware that seamlessly integrates with the 2Smart Standalone platform.

Connecting the Sonoff device to the computer with a USB-TTL converter

Leveraging ESP32 for Our MyBox Project

For the MyBox project, WebbyLab experts were developing firmware and software for electric car charging stations and expanding the client’s product line. The delivered product range is built around the ESP32, featuring the following configurations:

• ESP32-WROVER
• ESP32-C3

On top of the basic firmware, our team introduced additional functionalities, including dynamic load management, multi-connection of charging stations, as well as integration with Home Assistant and solar panels.

MyBox Home, one of the MyBox devices for smart home use

MyBox is more than just firmware for a charging station; it’s an entire ecosystem of serial and custom devices. When developing software for these devices, we consider many factors and combine multiple functionalities from various modules that make up the device. All of this natively integrates with the MyBox Cloud and mobile application.

Yehor Fedorov

IoT Project Team Lead at WebbyLab

Developing Firmware for ESP32-S2-Based Devices

As part of our automated A/C drain line cleaner project, we had to develop the firmware and device controller PoC, along with the IoT app development SRS.

The firmware includes the following features:

• Wi-Fi and cloud pairing via a web or mobile app
• Support for automatic and local over-the-air updates through the admin panel or mobile app
• A built-in admin panel for settings and monitoring
• Cloud interaction to share data and receive confirmations
• Full offline mode for autonomous operation
• Partial offline mode to maintain functionality and event history during connection loss
• Remote control via the app
• Energy-efficient mode for battery operation of up to three years
• Functional indicators and physical control options
• Support for external leak sensors
• Wi-Fi change mode
• A special quality control mode for production testing

The firmware for an automated A/C cleaner is a great technical example of showcasing the capabilities of the ESP32 at its best. We not only used one of the most budget-friendly versions of the module but also managed to meet all the user’s needs for comfortable interaction with the device. Additionally, the firmware is packed with features beneficial to users, integrators, and the support team.

Kostiantyn Oliynyk

Head of IoT at Webbylab

A/C drain line cleaners by WebbyLab

Proceeding with ESP Chips in Other Projects

Later, we started working with updated versions of ESP, namely different variations of the ESP32 for IoT. Our experts adapted the firmware for these chips’ versions, getting more resources for the tasks and problems we aimed to tackle.

Our first commercial project was the development of the Propuskator controller for our access control and management system of the same name. We created this controller based on the ESP32-WROOM-32 module. Such a module was the flagship at that time on the market and covered all our needs. Due to the large resource capacity, we could cover complex tasks and all the needed business logic.

Within one IoT device, we were able to cover:

• Pairing through the mobile application
• Pairing and controlling the device through the built-in web admin panel with a modern adaptive interface and dashboard
• Operating with the server via MQTT with TLS in real-time
• Working with the access control and management system’s REST API via HTTPS
• Updating OTA
• Storing large volumes of data in memory for offline work and user access even without an internet connection

The above are only the main features, which do not include the very business logic of the device and interaction with the hardware parts of the controller.

On the same module, we have developed several options of controllers with a GCM module, with the possibility of working via Ethernet and power supply via PoE, a device with additional interfaces for controlling a larger number of devices, as well as the possibility of creating a wired network and communicating devices via the RS-485 interface.

Using ESP32-WROOM Module for Our 2Smart Cloud Platform

All our projects for the 2Smart Cloud platform are based on the ESP32 module. In particular, these are solutions like a lamp controller, an LED strip controller, a Wi-Fi relay, an IR controller, and several Wi-Fi sensors based on the ESP32-WROOM module. On its foundation, we also built a heat pump controller that handled the entire system’s operation and provided the possibility of cloud-based control of the application and platform.

A ready-made LED strip controller based on the ESP32

As part of designing 2Smart Cloud specifically for devices based on ESP32 chips, we implemented many built-in functionalities for our customers and their users. Out of the box, the platform provides three ready-made tools for writing firmware based on ESPHome, ESP IDF, and Arduino IDE, as well as the ability to write custom firmware in any other languages and devices, including Espruino, MicroPython, Lua, etc. This limitlessness in development tools is precisely one of the most significant advantages of ESP. For projects requiring unique functionality, leveraging custom firmware development allows us to tailor the device software precisely to client needs, ensuring optimal performance and integration with various hardware modules.

Using ESP32-S2 Chip for a Battery-Powered Device

As part of one of our current projects, our team is developing a device powered by ordinary batteries and communicating with the server. Here we also use one of the ESP32 chip’s versions, namely the ESP32-S2.

Even for such tasks when saving battery charge is critical, the ESP32 is perfect because it has variations of the operating mode with different consumption and a sufficient number of triggers for waking up from deep sleep mode.

In addition, many ESP versions can use a built-in Bluetooth module to communicate with client devices or other devices and cover the necessary tasks.

Leveraging ESP32 for R&D and Prototyping

Using a variation of the ESP32 module for EV charging stations

As part of R&D and prototyping, WebbyLab experts often leverage development boards with ESP modules. They are easy to use, have several built-in LEDs and buttons, and have a USB interface for connecting via UART for programming. Another helpful feature is that all ESP pins are conveniently laid out and accessible for quick prototyping.

Such tools make it possible to assemble a prototype in about 10 minutes and start developing the firmware or to check the interaction with a certain peripheral. For our internal devices, we often create a PCB not for a specific module but for a development board to use ready-made hardware solutions and simplify the development.

Using ESP32 for Our Other Projects

WebbyLab has several more of the IoT with ESP32 implementation examples. Here are a few more projects that our team worked on:

• Due to the popularity of ESP32, we launched sales of the kit with the ability to assemble a smart lamp yourself.
• Our experts also created a Wi-Fi temperature and humidity sensor that can be used for smart homes or greenhouses.
• We built an ESP32-based alarm with ESPHome firmware.

On top of all the above, ESP32 development platforms are pretty affordable. Thus, due to many options, engineers can choose the best one in terms of capabilities, resources, and suitable price. 

Use ESP32 for Your IoT Project’s Success

Having explored our ESP32 boards comparison of core features and specifications, you probably do not doubt their usefulness for Internet of Things projects. Their low-power nature and decent performance make them a viable solution indeed.

If you want to implement the best ESP32 development platforms for IoT and drive your project’s success, you may also need to engage experienced professionals in this matter. WebbyLab has those and can provide you with expert assistance on ESP32. So, feel free to contact our team anytime.